Edexcel International A Level Physics
Edexcel International A Level Physics Oscillations Exam Questions
Free Edexcel International A Level Physics exam questions for Oscillations, with a mark scheme for every pack. Covers simple harmonic motion, its equations and graphs, mass-spring systems, simple pendulums, energy, damping, forced oscillations and resonance.
Oscillations exam questions
1 question pack of real past exam questions, each with its mark scheme. Do not stop after a few: answer as many as you can without notes, then mark every answer with the mark scheme. The more questions you do, the more quickly you will spot how examiners ask about each idea.
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About Edexcel International A Level Physics Oscillations
Oscillations is part of Unit 5: Thermodynamics, Radiation, Oscillations and Cosmology in Edexcel International A Level Physics. It defines simple harmonic motion (SHM) through F = -kx and a = -ω^2x, and uses displacement, velocity and acceleration equations and graphs. You calculate periods of mass-spring systems and simple pendulums, describe energy changes, and study damping, forced oscillations and resonance, with real examples such as bridges and buildings. It connects to circular motion in Unit 4 through angular frequency. Examiners often test phase relationships between displacement, velocity and acceleration and explanations of resonance and damping.
What you need to know
- SHM condition Acceleration is proportional to displacement from equilibrium and directed towards it: a = -ω^2x, with ω = 2πf.
- SHM equations x = A cos ωt, v = -Aω sin ωt, a = -Aω^2 cos ωt. Maximum speed Aω and maximum acceleration Aω^2.
- Periods Mass on a spring T = 2π√(m/k); simple pendulum T = 2π√(l/g) for small amplitudes.
- Energy Energy is exchanged between kinetic and potential forms; total energy is constant when undamped.
- Damping Damping forces remove energy and reduce amplitude. Light, critical and heavy damping give different displacement-time graphs.
- Forced oscillations and resonance A system driven at its natural frequency resonates with maximum amplitude. Damping reduces and broadens the resonance peak.
Common mistakes in Oscillations
- Mixing up where velocity and acceleration are greatest. Velocity is maximum at equilibrium; acceleration is maximum at maximum displacement.
- Thinking the period of a pendulum depends on mass or amplitude (for small oscillations).
- Using f instead of ω in SHM equations.
- Writing a = ω^2x and leaving out the minus sign.
- Describing resonance without mentioning natural frequency.
Try three Oscillations exam-style questions
1. A mass oscillates in SHM with amplitude 0.080 m and period 0.50 s. Calculate its maximum speed. (2 marks)
Show the mark scheme answer
ω = 2π/T = 2π/0.50 = 12.6 rad s^-1; vmax = Aω = 0.080 × 12.6 = 1.0 m s^-1.
2. A spring extends 0.10 m when a 0.50 kg mass hangs from it. Calculate the period of vertical oscillations. (3 marks)
Show the mark scheme answer
k = mg/x = 0.50 × 9.81/0.10 = 49 N m^-1; T = 2π√(m/k) = 2π√(0.50/49); T = 0.63 s.
3. Explain why soldiers are told to break step when crossing a bridge. (3 marks)
Show the mark scheme answer
Marching in step applies a periodic driving force; if its frequency equals the natural frequency of the bridge, resonance occurs; amplitude becomes very large and could damage the bridge.
Oscillations FAQs
What does Edexcel International A Level Physics Oscillations cover?
It covers the conditions for SHM, its equations and graphs, mass-spring and pendulum systems, energy in SHM, damping, forced oscillations and resonance.
Which unit is Oscillations examined in?
It is examined in Unit 5: Thermodynamics, Radiation, Oscillations and Cosmology.
What equations do I need for Oscillations?
Learn a = -ω^2x, ω = 2πf = 2π/T, x = A cos ωt, v = -Aω sin ωt, T = 2π√(m/k) and T = 2π√(l/g).
